Important Terminologies and Facts Related to Computer and Internet

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite(TCP/IP) to link several billion devices worldwide.

It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies.

Suggested Read: Internet and Its Services – A brief Guide

The World Wide Web (abbreviated as WWW or W3, commonly known as the Web) is a system of interlinked hypertext documents that are accessed via the Internet.

A Website, is a set of related web pages served from a single web domain.
A Home page, index page, or main page is a page on a website – A home page usually refers to:
The initial or main web page of a website, sometimes called the “front page”.
The first page that appears upon opening a web browser program, which is also sometimes called the start page. This ‘start page’ can be a website or it can be a page with various browser functions such as the visual display of websites that are often visited in the web browser.
The web page or local file that automatically loads when a web browser starts or when the browser’s “home” button is pressed; this is also called a “home page”. The user can specify the URL of the page to be loaded, or alternatively choose e.g. to re-load the most recent web page browsed.
A personal web page, for example at a web hosting service or a university web site, that typically is stored in the home directory of the user.
A Hyperlink is a reference to data that the reader can directly follow either by clicking or by hovering or that is followed automatically.
A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.
The Uniform Resource Locator, abbreviated as URL is a specific character string that constitutes a reference to a resource. In most web browsers, the URL of a web page is displayed on top inside an address bar.
An example of a typical URL would be “https://www.techhyme.com.”
Downloading means to receive data to a local system from a remote system, or to initiate such a data transfer
Uploading refers to the sending of data from a local system to a system such as a server or another client with the intent that the remote system should store a copy of the data being transferred.
An Internet Protocol address (also known as an IP address)is a numerical label assigned to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer network.
It acts as an identifier for a computer. It is a unique address for every computer.
An email attachment is a computer file sent along with an email message. One or more files can be attached to any email message, and be sent along with it to the recipient.
Hotmail was co-founded by an Indian American entrepreneur Sabeer Bhatia along with Jack Smith in July of 1996 CC (Carbon Copy) in e-mail indicates those who are to receive a copy of message addressed primarily to another. The list of CCed recipients is visible to all other recipients of the message.
An additional BCC (blind carbon copy) field is available for hidden notification; recipients listed in the BCC field receive a copy of the message, but are not shown on any other recipient’s copy (including other BCC recipients)
The Drafts folder retains copies of messages that you have started but are not yet ready to send.
The first email was sent by Ray Tomlinson to himself in 1971.
Domain name: Domain names are specific names used in URLs to identify particular Web pages. A name that identifies one or more IP addresses. For example, in the URL https://www.techhyme.com, the domain name is techhyme.com. Every domain name has a suffix that indicates which top level domain it belongs to. There is only a limited number of such domains.

For example:

.acro : aviation
.jobs : Jobs
.gov : Government agencies
.name : Personal
.in : India
.edu : Educational institutions
.org : organisations(nonprofit)
.mil : Military
.com : Commercial business (Profit)
.net : Network organisations
.asia : Asia
.biz : Business organization

Some Known Facts About Computer and Internet

The earlier computers, which were massive in size, were based on – vacuum tubes.
Early computing machines, like the ENIAC, were actually meant to assist the – armed forces.
The printers in pre-1950s were – punch cards.
An improvement on the ENIAC, which pioneered ‘stored program’, was made possible with the help of the mathematician – John von Neumann.
Before the 1950s, computers were mostly owned by – universities and research labs
The B-programming language was developed by – Ken Thompson.
Famous people, associated with the ENIAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC computers are – Eckert & Mauchly.
The !st commercially produced and sold computer (1951)was – UNIVAC.
IBM was provided software for PCs by – Microsoft.
Time-sharing, teletyping, were associated with – mainframe computers.
The transformation from heavy computers to PCs was made possible using – microprocessors.
The first microprocessor was developed in 1971 by – Intel.
The term ‘micro’ (extremely small) denotes – 10^-6m.
The Havard student, who chose to write computer programs and dropped studies was – Bill Gates.
A pentium 4 (p-4) employs roughly – 40 million transistors.
Mark-1, Apple-1, and collossus were – initial desktop computers.
Binary digits are briefed as – bit.
A collection of bits is called – byte.
C++, is a – computer language.
The process of eliminating programming faults is called – debugging.
Starting up on operating system is called – booting.
A program used to browse the web is called – browser.
An error in software designing which can even cause a computer to crash is called – bug.
Click and double-click are achieved using the – mouse.
Java, C, For Tran, Pascal and BASIC are – computer programming languages.
The device which sends computer data using a phone line is called – MODEM.
‘Worm’ and ‘virus’ are actually – programs.
A ‘file’ is a unit of – information.
A megabyte has – 10⁶(million) bytes.
A small, single-site network is called – LAN.
A processor that collects several data and sends them over a single line is called – bridge.
‘Nano’ stands for – one billionth part.
The number of bit patterns using an n-code is – 2ⁿ
The part of a computer that works with the data/programs is called – CPU.
To convert a binary number to a decimal, we have to express it in power of – 2.
www stands for – world wide web.
Mathematics employed in computers is called – Boolean algebra.
A collection of 8 bits is called – byte.
The first home computer (1977), which was sold in millions of units was – Apple II
‘PARAM’ is a – supercomputer.
A website containing periodic posts is called – blog.
While cutting and pasting, the cutitem is temporarily stored in the – clipboard.
http stands for – hyper text transfer protocol.
The unwanted or non-requested emails are called – spam.
A computer framed to give various network services is called – server.

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Some Known Facts About Computer and Internet

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