C is a general purpose, high-level programming language. Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie created it at AT&T Bell laboratories in 1972 for writing the UNIX operating system. Although developed between 1969 and 1973,…

General-purpose computers come in many sizes and capabilities. Traditionally, computers were classified by their size, processing speed, and cost. Based on these factors, computers were classified as microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes and supercomputers. However,…

A medium is something that can be used for presentation of information. There are two basic ways to present some information: Unimedium Presentation – In this case, a single medium is used to…

The internet is a network of computers linking many different types of computers all over the world. It is a network of networks sharing a common mechanism for addressing computers, and a common…

Data communication technologies deal with means and methods of data transfer from one location to another. Marriage between computing and data communication technologies is one of the most exciting development that has revolutionized…

Data is a collection of facts – unorganized, but able to be organized into useful information. A collection of sales orders, employee time sheets, and class attendance cards are a few examples. Data…

Here is the list of famous application software packages that are widely used: Word-processing package Spreadsheet package Graphics package Personal assistance package The term word processing describes use of hardware and software to…

Operating system is an integrated set of programs that controls the resources (CPU, memory, I/O devices etc) of a computer system and provides its users with an interface or virtual machine that is…

As long as human beings program computers, computer programs will have errors. Program errors are known as bugs, and the process of detecting and correcting these errors is called debugging. In general, testing…

Language is a means of communication. We use a natural language such as English, to communicate our ideas and emotions to others. Similarly, a programmer uses a computer language to instruct a computer…

If your teacher asked you to solve an arithmetic problem and you are not familiar with the steps involved in solving the problem, you will not be able to solve it. The same…

The terms “hardware” and “software” are used frequently in connection with computers. Hardware refers to the physical devices of a computer system. Thus, input, storage, processing, control, and output devices are hardware. A…

To be useful, a computer system needs to communicate with its external environment. The input-output devices provide the capability to a computer system. They are also known as peripheral devices because they surround…

Primary storage of a computer system has the following limitations: Limited Capacity – It is often necessary to store many millions, sometimes billions, and even trillions of bytes of data in a computer….