Cyber Security and Cyber Forensics – Interview Questions

Cybercrime is any criminal activity which uses network access to commit a criminal act. Opportunities for the exploitation due to weakness in information security are multiplying because of the exponential growth of Internet connection.

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Cybercrime refers to the act of performing a criminal act using cyberspace as the communications vehicle. Some people argue that a cybercrime is not a crime as it is a crime against software and not against a person or property. However, while the legal systems around the world scramble to introduce laws to combat cyber criminals. Lack of information security always gives rise to cybercrimes.

Below is the list of top questions to be asked in Cyber Security/Cyber Forensics interview:

1. What is cybercrime? How do you define it?
2. How do we classify cybercrimes? Explain each briefly.
3. What are the different types of cyber criminals?
4. Is there a different between cybercrime and cyberfraud? Explain.
5. How do viruses get disseminated? Explain with diagrams.
6. How do you think cybercrime has relevance in the extended enterprise context? Explain.
7. Explain in your own words what you understand about the global cooperation required in fighting against cybercrime.
8. How are cybercrimes classified? Explain with examples.
9. Explain the difference between passive and active attacks. Provide Examples.
10. What is social engineering?
11. What is cyberstalking?
12. Explain how Botnets can be used as a fuel to cybercrime.
13. What are the different attacks launched with attack vector? Explain.
14. Explain cloud computing and cybercrime.
15. What are the “mobility types”? Quote day-to-day examples of your familiarity that relates to them.
16. Discuss how “perception” makes people least suspect cybersecurity threats trough mobile computing hand-held devices. What measures do you recommend against this situation?
17. What kind of attacks are possible on mobile/cell phones? Explain with examples.
18. Explain the countermeasures to be practices for possible attacks on mobile/cell phones.
19. What kind of cybersecurity measures an organization should have to take in case of portable storage devices?
20. Prepare security guidelines which can be implemented in an organization.
21. Explain the various measures for protection of laptops through physical measures and logical access control measures.
22. What are the different phases during the attack on the network?
23. What is the difference between proxy server and an anonymizer?
24. What are the different ways of password cracking?
25. How can keyloggers be used to commit a cybercrime?
26. What is the difference between a virus and a worm?
27. What is virus hoax?
28. What is the difference between Trojan Horses and backdoors?
29. What is the difference between steganography and cryptography?
30. Are countermeasures employed against steganography? Explain.
31. What is the difference between DOS and DDOS?
32. What is SQL Injection and what are the different countermeasures to prevent the attack?
33. What is Blind SQL Injection attack? Can it be prevented?
34. What are different buffer overflow attacks?
35. What are the different components of wireless network?
36. What is the difference between WEP and WPA2?
37. How can wireless networks be compromised?
38. What is the difference between WAPKitting and WAPjacking?
39. What is Phishing? Explain with examples.
40. Differentiate between Spam and Hoax emails.
41. What are the different methods of Phishing attack?
42. What is Spear Phishing? Explain with examples.
43. What is Whaling? Explain the difference between Whaling and Spear Phishing.
44. What is Identity Theft? Explain with examples.
45. How can information be classified?
46. What are the different types of IDs theft?
47. What are the different techniques of ID theft?
48. How to prevent being a victim of ID theft?
49. Explain the concept of “trust seal.” In your own understanding, along with additional research and discussion with lawyers, explain how it helps as a mitigation for frauds in E-Commerce.
50. What is the meaning of the term “Cyberlaw”?
51. What, in your opinion, is required on the legal front to seek would harmony and convergence to bring about global measures to fight the cybercrime challenges? Explain what you think are the areas that need country cooperation across the globe.
52. Is the current law adequate to prevent unlawful access to computers? Why?
53. Do you feel the legal landscape around the world is integrated and harmonized? Why do you think so? Explain.
54. How does the legal legislation in the Asia-Pacific region compare to that the European Union? Explain with at least three comparative points.
55. Do you think online child safety is an issue? Defend your answer with examples.
56. To prevent cybercrime, how do you think the APEC framework principles as well as the Fair Information Practices (FIPs) could be applied to design a commercial website?
57. Do you think the EU legal framework is strong enough to prevent cybercrimes? Explain why you think so.
58. Do “Electronic Records” have the admissibility into the courts? Explain why.
59. What are your views on punishments for cybercriminals? Is it possible to punish them?
60. Is there a difference between computer security and computer forensics? Explain.
61. Can a cybercrime investigation be done without involving a forensics expert? Explain with reasons.
62. Explain how the “chain of custody” concept applies in computer/digital forensics.
63. Explain the importance of strong documentation in cyberforensics profession.
64. Is there a difference between “digital forensics” and “computer forensics”? Explain.
65. Explain the role of digital forensics. What do you think is the reaction of traditional legal communities about role of “digital evidence” in crime?
66. Explain the importance of “chain of custody” concept.
67. Explain some of the best practices in handling digital evidence. Explain what “rules of evidence” are.
68. Explain how an E-Mail can be traced for forensics purpose. Outline the various key steps involved.
69. What are the various phases and activities involved in the life cycle of a forensics investigation process? Support your answer through various relevant examples.
70. What are the different types of digital analysis that can be performed on the captured forensics evidence?
71. What are the typical elements of a digital forensics investigation report?
72. What would be the nature of evidence collected for network forensics?
73. What role does an “expert witness” play in a cyberforensics/digital forensics case?
74. What precautions should be taken while collecting electronic evidence? What are the things to be avoided during a cyberforensic/digital forensics investigation? Support your answers with examples. What are the things that cannot be avoided?
75. Explain why the NDA (Non-Disclosure Agreement) is important in a forensics investigation. What do you think are the risks that may arise if an NDA is not signed before commencing the investigation?
76. Highlight the key steps to be performed in solving a computer forensics case.
77. Explain what is required in setting up a computer forensics laboratory. What tools are required on hardware and software side?
78. What is a social engineering? What are the security threats that can emanate from social networking sites?
79. What are rootkits? Why are they dangerous? How do rootkits helps cyberattackers?
80. What are the major international regulations that impact forensics?
81. Explain the “complexity” and “quantity” problems faced in digital forensics investigation.
82. Explain the “data privacy” challenge in cyberforensics. Support your point with suitable illustrative examples.
83. Do you think that using “computer forensics privacy tools” is a good idea? Why? Explain with examples.
84. Provide an overview of how “data mining” techniques can be applied in cyberforensics.
85. Highlight some of the key differences between an “audit” and a “cyberforensics investigation”.
86. What do you think, has led to antiforensics behaviors and tools? Elaborate your answer with suitable examples. Explain how the criminals exploit the situations.
87. What is a “hand-held” device? Provide some examples of hand-held devices and explain typically what kind of data is stored on these devices.
88. Do you feel that the advent and proliferation of mobile hand-held devices has influenced the rise in cybercrimes? Support your arguments with examples. These could be examples that you have come across in real life or based on what you have been reading and observing.
89. Briefly describe the various cell phone communications standards available today.
90. What is an IMEI number? How does it work to trace a cell phone? What effect do you think it can have on tracking cybercriminals? Provide illustrative situation examples to support your response.
91. Explain the two ways in which PDA forensics tools acquire data. what are the relative advantages and disadvantages?
92. List the various hardware and software components that any typical hand-held device has.
93. In terms of features and functionality, explain the difference between a PDA and a Smartphone.
94. Name some of the popular tools used for the forensics of hand-held devices. For each one, mention the “forensics phase” supported by the tool.
95. Explain why forensics examination of PDA is more challenging that of computers.
96. Explain why “printers” should not be precluded from forensics examination in case of a cyber-crime reported.
97. What are some of the common characteristics that “Smartphone” shares with a “cell phone”?
98. Briefly describe the typical approach taken for iPhone data acquisition.
99. What is a “Jailbroken device”? What are the security implication and possible impact on cybercrime?
100. Explain the challenges faced by investigators when it comes to the forensics of digital camera and digital images.
101. In the current milieu of cybercrime, why do you think forensics of ipods is important?
102. While handling the digital evidence form ipods, what are the key considerations from the legal perspective? Explain by keeping in mind the “chain of evidence” concept.
103. Describe some of the techno-legal challenges involved in collecting evidence from hand-held devices.
104. Explain the difference between computer forensics and electronic discovery.
105. Explain the role of digital forensics in litigations.
106. Explain the key organizational guidelines on cell phone forensics.
107. What is a “security breach”? Explain the impact it has on an organization. Provide examples, either those mentioned in the chapter or your own examples from observations you may have made.
108. What are “PI” and “SPI”? Explain with appropriate examples.
109. What is meant by “insider threat”? How does it affect organizations?
110. Do you see a “pattern” in today’s cybersecurity threats? What are your comments on the sophistication of cybersecurity attacks? Do you see a “paradigm shift” with cybersecurity threats? Support your comment with examples.
111. Are “information security” and “cyber security” two independent domains? Explain your answer with examples to support your rationale.
112. What are the four dimensions of “privacy”? Do they all relate to data security? Justify your answer with suitable examples.
113. What are some of the key challenges to organizations as explained in this chapter? Describe them briefly in your words.
114. Are there costs associated with cybercrimes? What are the typical components of those costs? Do you see “pattern” in those costs? Explain
115. When it comes to forensics investigations, owing to its nature, there are certain aspects which often are exploited by cyberattackers/cybercriminals- What are those aspects as described in the chapter?
116. How does software piracy impact organizations? What care should be taken by organizations?
117. Prepare a short note on evils and perils of cyberthreats for organizations.
118. Can “cookies” impact data security and personal security? Explain how.
119. Describe any three of the “fair information practices” in the context of cookie usage in website design.
120. Should organizations monitor employees’ “Internet surfing”? Provide two arguments in favor of monitoring and two against it. Provide rationale for both sides of the argument.
121. What are some of the challenges brought by the rise in workforce mobility?
122. What is “cloud computing”? Is it completely safe? What are some of the challenges associated with cloud computing?
123. What do you think about use of social media marketing tools? What are some of the benefits and some of the associated threats? What care should organizations take?
124. Is “social computing” same as “social media marketing”? In what way are the two related if at all?
125. Explain “dataveillance” and “browse-fingerprinting”. Do these phenomena threaten our online privacy? How?
126. Can organizations really protect the privacy of people?
127. What are “anonymizers”? Are they a threat or a boon?
128. Explain how “safe computing guidelines” help when instituted appropriately by organizations.
129. Describe incident response life cycle along with the typical activities involved in each of the phases.
130. Explain with a suitable diagram how the three terms – incident response, incident handling and incident management are related.
131. Is “security management” same as “incident management”? Explain the differences and similarities, if any.
132. Prepare a short note on “organizational best practices for cybersecurity”.
133. What is meant by “forensics readiness”? Are there benefits for organizations when they have this readiness? How does incident response activity organization contribute to forensics readiness of an organization?
134. Why should organization’s media and information assets be protected?
135. What is an “endpoint” in a corporate network? Why is endpoint security important?
136. Describe any three key practices in organization’s endpoint security program.

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